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on of anti-Semitism/Judeophobia in Argentina. The Judeophobia seen in Argentina was much more like the anti-Semitism seen in Europe, which demonized the Jews with the aim of destroying them completely, compared to the anti-Semitism seen in American, which was more a reaction against immigration. Dr. Perenik begins by tracing the first displays of anti-Semitism that began in 1888-9 during the Russian pogroms and Argentinian economic crisis which was blamed on the Jews, despite the extremely small population of Jews actually living in Argentina. In 1909 the Buenos Aires chief of police was killed by a Russian Jew. The Jewish community alienated him and paid their respects to the chief of police, but to no avail, a full pogrom broke out in 1919. As the Nazis took control of Germany and spread throughout Europe, anti-Semitism was fuelled throughout the world. In 1930, Argentina underwent a military coup, with a nationalist fascist group as leaders, which called for the rejection of Jews and supported groups who attacked Jews in Argentina. In 1971 a conspiracy theory, called the Andinia plan, spread that Jews wanted to create a second Jewish state in the south of Argentina (this theory continues to this day). A strike in 1971 in September during Yom Kippur furthered this idea, specifically that Jews controlled the Argentinian economy. In the 1990s, the manifestation of Judeophobia began to shift under new leadership, particularly in terms of their foreign affairs. Argentina left the non-aligned block to ally with the United States. In 1991, the Argentinian President visited Israel, and the U.S. requested that it cancel its nuclear technology agreement with Iran. This break in ties between Argentina and Iran led to the first terror attack in 1992 on the Israeli Embassy and the second in 1994 on AMIA (Argentine Israelite Mutual Association). The original impression was that these attacks were led by the far right (usually xenophobic nationalists who are against immigrants). The origins of the attacks were not well known until many years later, which discovered that Iran and Hezbollah had established networks within Argentina, supported by Shiite Mosques and by the extreme left wing. However, although all the information was available to the investigators, there was a huge cover-up that pursued creating a network of falsifications (e.g. bribery, intimidation of witnesses, etc.), that meant prosecution of the perpetrators has still not been achieved. In July 2005, Argentina accepted responsibility for failure in the investigation, and formally accused Iran and Hezbollah for organizing the bombing in 2006. Dr. Perenik argued that the shift to the left has allowed Iran to expand its networks throughout many of the Latin American countries, with Argentina as an exception to the attacks in 1992 and 1994. The change of Judeophobia has changed, where mainly the old European form is becoming more and more apparent, as power is in the hands of the left wing and the Islamic fundamentalists.